Alvarado's theory of racial stereotypes. The media portrays ethnic stereotypes as being, Pitied, Dangerous, Exotic and Humorous

  Barthes narrative codes included: hermeneutic code, action code, semantic code, symbolic code and referential code. 

 Characters are shaped by what readers see them do and say, and so narrative techniques surrounding characters are related to those surrounding plot, point of view and style. 

Dutch angle, also known as Dutch tilt,